i
Muïc luïc
Lôøi caûm ôn ..........................................................................................................................................................
Muïc luïc...............................................................................................................................................................i
Danh muïc caùc hình veõ ...............................................................................................................................iii
Danh muïc caùc baûng.....................................................................................................................................iii
Toùm taét ñeà taøi................................................................................................................................................iv
Abstract.............................................................................................................................................................v
1 Toång quan vaø ñaët vaán ñeà .......................................................................................................................1
1.1 Giôùi thieäu chung veà robot........................................................................................1
1.2 Toång quan veà caùc baøi toaùn cuûa robot di ñoäng [5] ......................................................4
1.3 Baøi toaùn di chuyeån theo töôøng vaø caùc nghieân cöùu lieân quan ......................................5
1.3.1 Giôùi thieäu baøi toaùn ........................................................................................6
1.3.2 Moâ hình toaùn hoïc..........................................................................................6
1.3.3 Muïc tieâu ñieàu khieån......................................................................................8
1.4 Phöông phaùp giaûi quyeát vaán ñeà................................................................................8
2 Toùm taét thuaät toaùn ñieàu khieån............................................................................................................9
2.1 Moâ hình boä ñieàu khieån ............................................................................................9
2.2 Ñaëc tính boä ñieàu khieån (theo keát quaû chöùng minh vaø moâ phoûng) ...............................9
3 Thieát keá vaø thöïc hieän phaàn cöùng....................................................................................................10
3.1 Kieán truùc robot .....................................................................................................10
3.2 Vi ñieàu khieån PIC 16F877[13]...............................................................................11
3.3 Thieát keá khung giao tieáp I2C .................................................................................13
3.3.1 Lyù do söû duïng giao tieáp I2C.........................................................................13
3.3.2 Khung giao tieáp I2C trong robot...................................................................13
3.4 Thieát keá ñeá di chuyeån vaø boä ñieàu khieån ñoäng cô....................................................14
3.4.1 Thieát keá ñeá di chuyeån .................................................................................14
3.4.2 Boä ñieàu khieån PID [15] ...............................................................................14
3.5 Thieát keá caûm bieán.................................................................................................16
3.5.1 Moâ hình toaùn hoïc cuûa caûm bieán ...................................................................16
3.5.2 Thöïc hieän caûm bieán ....................................................................................17
3.6 Thieát keá caùc maïch ñieän töû .....................................................................................19
3.6.1 Maïch module master...................................................................................19
3.6.2 Maïch module slave.....................................................................................20
4 Thöïc hieän boä ñieàu khieån vaø kieåm chöùng giaûi thuaät............................................................... 22
4.1 Sô ñoà giaûi thuaät chöông trình .................................................................................22
4.1.1 Giaûi thuaät cho master module ......................................................................23
4.1.2 Giaûi thuaät cho slave module ........................................................................24
4.2 Tieán haønh thí nghieäm............................................................................................25
4.3 So saùnh caùc keát quaû moâ phoûng vaø thí nghieäm .........................................................26
4.3.1 So saùnh keát quaû moâ phoûng baèng Matlab vôùi keát quaû thí nghieäm ....................26
4.3.2 Caùc nhaän xeùt boå sung..................................................................................28
5 Keát luaän......................................................................................................................................................33